Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil and cook the pasta according to the package instructions.
Heat the olive oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat. Add the cooked barley and cook, stirring often, until lightly browned, about 5 minutes.
Meanwhile, make the pesto. In a food processor, combine the cilantro, olive oil, Parmesan, pine nuts, garlic, salt and pepper. Pulse until a coarse paste forms.
Drain the cooked pasta and return it to the pot. Add the barley and pesto and stir to coat. Serve warm.
Interesting Facts
Barley is an excellent source of dietary fiber, protein, and essential minerals such as iron and magnesium.
Cilantro is an aromatic herb that is commonly used in Mexican and Asian cuisines.
Pesto is a classic Italian sauce made from fresh basil, pine nuts, garlic, and cheese.